Gilbert's disease
Definition
Gilbert's disease is a common disorder passed down through families.It affects the way bilirubin is processed by the liver, and causes jaundice.
Alternative Names
Icterus intermittens juvenilis; Low-grade chronic hyperbilirubinemia; Familial non-hemolytic-non-obstructive jaundice; Constitutional liver dysfunction; Unconjugated benign bilirubinemia
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Gilbert's disease affects up to 10% of people in some Caucasian populations. The condition is usually noncancerous (benign).
Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (mild jaundice)
Note: Jaundice typically appears during times of exertion, stress, not eating, and infection.
Signs and tests
An indirect bilirubin blood test shows changes that occur with Gilbert's disease.
Treatment
No treatment is necessary for Gilbert's disease.
Expectations (prognosis)
Jaundice may come and go throughout your life, especially during illnesses such as colds. However, it usually does not cause health problems.
Complications
There are no known complications.
Calling your health care provider
Call your health care provider if you have jaundice or persistent abdominal pain.
Prevention
There is no proven prevention.
References
Berk PD, Korenblat KM. Approach to the patient with jaundice or abnormal liver test results. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 150.
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
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